Reduction to unity is a math technique used to make problems simpler by reducing a number to 1 (unity) while keeping the ratio between the numbers the same. This technique is used in many areas of math, including fractions, ratios, and proportions.
For example, if you wanted to compare the prices of two toys, one costing 15, you could reduce the prices to a common unit like 10 becomes 1 and $15 becomes 1.5. The ratio of the two prices remains the same (1:1.5), but the numbers are easier to work with.
To reduce a number to unity, you divide both the numerator and denominator by the number itself. For example, if you wanted to reduce 12/24 to unity, you would divide both the numerator and denominator by 12, giving you 1/2.